Sex-and-Gender-Based Considerations in Exercise-Based Randomized Controlled Trials in Individuals with Stroke: A Road of Opportunities Ahead

Author: Elise Wiley, Ph.D. Student, McMaster University // 

There is a growing body of research focused on the biological differences between males and females in pharmaceuticals, risk factors, pathology, severity, and prognosis of different diseases [1]. In contrast to this large body of evidence related to sex-based differences, we know far less about how gender impacts the risk of disease. For example, how does the risk for stroke or heart attack differ in a heterosexual man versus a transgender non-binary individual?